Mudawwana (Weblog)

Kandagarki

Bari mu fara da yin kandagarki, kada mai karatu yace “me ya hada harkan Intanet da babban kundin mazhaban Malikiyya kuma?”. To ba nan muka dosa ba a wannan mako. Makalarmu na wannan mako zata ilimantar da mai karatu ne yadda zai zama daya daga cikin masu zuba bayanai a saman giza-gizan sadarwa ta Intanet, wani ya karanta, maimakon karanta bayanan wasu da yake yi a kullum, wajen sanin halin da duniya ke ciki ko karuwa da wani ilimi da bashi dashi. Wannan hanya kuwa ita ce ta hanyar Mudawwana, kamar yadda Larabawan zamani masana fasahar Intanet ke kiranta yanzu, ko kace Web Log, ko Blog, a turance.

Ma’ana:

Kalmar Web Log ko Blog a farkon al’amari, na nufin kundin sirri na Intanet (Internet Diary/Journal). Gidan Yanan Sadarwa ne wanda mai shi ke rubuta batutuwan da suka shafe a bisa karankansa, ko wani nashi, ko kasarsa, ko al’ummarsa, ko addininsa. A takaice dai, idan ka shiga Blog, babu abinda zaka yi ta cin karo dasu sai batutuwan da suka shafi mai shi. Don haka muka yi ta’arifinsa da “Kundin Sirri”, ko “Diary” kamar yadda masana harkan Intanet ke masa lakabi yanzu. Wasu na budewa ne don bayyana abinda da suke so a rayuwarsu; ko mota, gida, abinci, tufafi da dai sauransu. Wasu kuma ‘yan jaridu ne, masu dawwana irin halin da suka shiga sanadiyyar yanayin aikinsu. Ko kuma masu sharhin halin da duniya ko kasarsu ke ciki. Wasu kuma sukan bude ne don bayyana ma duniya wasu sabbin ci gaban da ake samu a fagen ilimi. Galibin masu wannan zaka samu Malaman Jami’o’I ne da ke kasashen duniya. Ta wannan hanya suke samun ra’ayoyin mutane da ma dalibansu, kan tasiri ko ci gaban da hazakansuke haifarwa. Sai dai a yanzu galibin abubuwan da ake zubawa cikin Blog ya sha banban da sanadiyyar da bayanan da suka gabata. A yanzu zaka samu kamfanoni sun gina Blog don dawwanawa da kuma tallata hajojinsu. Na tabbata hakan na faruwa ne sabod glaibin mutane a yanzu sun gwammace su bude Mudawwana da su gina gidan yanan sadarwa mai zaman kansa. Tunda komai na da asali, ta yaya Mudawwana ta faro ne?

Tarihin Mudawwana

Samun hakikanin asali da lokacin da aka fara gina Mudawwana a giza-gizan sadarwa ta Intanet, abu ne mai wahala. Abinda masana suka tabbatar shine, ta la’akari siga da kuma yanayinsa, Mudawwana ta samo asali daga Majalisun tattaunawa (Mailing Lists), musamman kulallu, wanda Madugu ke da hakkin hana mai shigowa shiga, sai da izni (Moderated Lists). A cikin 1994 ne shahararren dan jaridan nan, Mr. Justin Hall ya fara dawwana bayanansa, da yin sharhi kan harkokin yau da kullum. Yayi shekaru a kalla goma sha hudu yana wannan aiki, kafin Mudawwana ya samu shahara a duniyar gizo. Bayan shi, sai Mr. Jerry Pournelle, wanda shi ma dan Jarida ne, ya bude nasa. Har zuwa shekarar 2000, lokacin da mutane suka gano wannan sassaukar hanya ta yada tunani da ra’ayoyi. Daga nan aka fara samun gidajen yanan sadarwa masu bad a daman bude Mudawwana kyauta, watau Free Blog Hosting Sites. Ganin haka ke da sai mutane, musamman ma dalibai a makarantu, suka fara budewa, suna dawwana ra’ayoyinsu. Wannan ta kai a shekarar 2005, gidan yanan sadarwan mudawwana ta Xanga.com, ta ayyana cewa tana da a kalla kundayen Sirri guda Miliyan ashirin, daga guda dari da ta fara dasu a shekarar 1996. Ana shiga wannan shekara ta 2007, sai Gidan Yanan Matambayi Ba Ya Bata na Mudawwana, watau Technorati.com ta bayyana cewa a halin yanzu ana da a kalla Mudawwana Miliyan Saba’in da Biyar a giza-gizan sadarwa ta duniya. Wannan ke nuna muhimman da mutane suka ba wannan hanya na dawwana bayanai a Intanet. To me yasa haka?

Amfanin Mudawwana

Lallai akwai amfani mai yawa tattare da manhajan mudawwana ta Intanet. Wannan tasa mutane da dama suka kama gina nasu, maimakon su tsaya karanta bayanan wasu kadai. Daga cikin amfanonin da ke ciki, akwai saukin mu’amala, musamman ma da yake an samu manja wacce zata taimaka maka wajen yin rajista da kuma gina irin kundin da kake so, mai launin da kake so a irin yanayin da kake so. Akwai fadin albarkacin baki ba tare da tsangwama ba. Galibin yan jaridu zaka samu sun bude mudawwana don yin sharhi kan al’amuran yau da gobe. Har wa yau, galibin mudawwana kyauta ake bude su; zaka yi rajista kyauta, ka zabi adireshin da kake so kyauta, sannan ka rinka aikawa da bayanai ko sakonnin da kake so kyauta! Sannan a yayin da kake zuba naka bayanai, akwai kafar da masu karatu zasu iya yin sharhi kan abinda ka rubuta. Nan ma wata dama ta wasa kwakwalwa ko karuwa da abinda wani zai fada wanda baka sani ba. Sannan zaka iya zuba tsagwaron bayanai (texts), ko hotuna (pictures/images) ko kuma hota mai motsi da ma mara motsi. A takaice dai, maimakon ka zama mai karatu kadai, sai ka zama mai karatu da karantarwa. A yanzu ya kamata mai karatu ya san yadda zai iya bude nasa mudawwanar, ko kuwa?

Ginawa da Tsarawa

Gina mudawwana ko Blog, ba wani abu bane mai wahala. Cikin yan mintuna sai ka gina naka, har ka fara watsa bayanai don wasu su karanta. Da farko dai, akwai gidajen yanan sadarwan da ke taimaka ma mai son budewa yin hakan cikin sauki. Shahararru daga cikinsu sune: Xanga (www.xanga.com), New Blog (http://newblog.com), LiveJournal (www.livejournal.com), Bluekaffe (www.bluekaffe.com), Blogger – na kamfanin Google kenan – (www.blogger.com/start), sai kuma Blog.com (http://blog.com). Dukkan wadannan gidajen yanan sadarwa, zaka iya shiga ka bude mudawwana a ciki. A halin yanzu zamu kawo misali Blogger.com, na kamfanin Google kenan. Da farko dai dole ya zama kana da adireshin Gmail. Idan ba ka dashi, sai kaje http://mail.google.com, ka matsa inda aka rubuta “Sign Up for Gmail”, don yin rajista. Da zaran ka gama, sai ka shiga wannan zauren http://www.blogger.com/start. Ka shigar da suna (username) da kuma kalmar iznin shiga (password) na Gmail da ka bude. Manhajar zata maka jagora har ka gama ginawa da kuma tsara mudawwanarka. Idan kana son shigar da hotuna da sauti, duk akwai bayanai kan haka. A nan ne zaka zabi sunan mudawwanan, da adireshin da kuma sunan da kake so ya rinka bayyana a zauren, a duk lokacin da mai ziyara ya shigo ya gani.

Mu Kewaya Yawo

Kafin mu karkare, yana da kyau mu leka yawo don ganin wasu mudawwanai da aka tsara su musamman cikin harshen Hausa. Da farko dai idan mai karatu bai mance ba, wannan shafi na da mudawwananta da na bude watanni biyu da suka gabata. Ina da kyakkyawan zaton wannan shine mudawwana na farko da aka taba budewa cikin harshe Hausa. Ga adireshinsa nan: http://fasahar-intanet.blogspot.com. Sai kuma mudawwanar Malam Ibrahim Sheme, mai mujallar Fim. Za a samu wannan mudawwana a http://ibrahim-sheme.blogspot.com. Malam Ibrahim na dawwana ra’ayoyinsa ne cikin harsuna biyu; turancin ingilishi da kuma harshen Hausa. Don haka da zaran ka shiga zaka yi ta cin karo da bayanai kan adabin Hausa da Hausawa da kuma matsalolin Nijeriya. Sunan mudawwanarsa it ace: BAHAUSHE MAI BAN HAUSHI. Sai kuma Mudawwanar wani sha’iri, mai hazaka cikin matasan Kano, watau Malam Muhammad Fatuhu, wanda za a iya samunsa a http://shairai.blogspot.com. A wannan mudawwana, Malamin ya dauki nauyin jero wakokin Hausa ne, wadanda yake rubutawa lokaci-lokaci. Idan kana son karantawa, sai ka shiga don karantawa. Sai kuma mudawwanan Madugu Uban tafiya, watau Farfesa Abdallah Uba Adamu dake Jami’ar Bayero da ke Kano. Za a samu kundinsa a http://arewanci.blogspot.com. Shi kuma ya kebance mudawwanarsa ne da al’adun Hausawa. Akwai kasidu masu matukar amfanarwa. Sai a garzaya don fa’idantuwa da su.

Kammalawa

Daga karshe, yana da kyau mai karatu yayi kokarin bude mudawwana a kalla guda daya, don yada manufofi da hikimar da Allah Ya hore masa. Zaka iya rubutu da kowane irin yare, kamar yadda muka ga samfuri daga mudawwanan da suka gabata. Idan ka cije a hanyarka na gina wannan mudawwana, sai ka tuntubeni ko da a waya ne, zan taimaka gwargwadon fahimta. Allah sa a dace, amin.

Abdallah Salihu Abubakar (Baban Sadiq)

Securities and Exchange Commission

Abuja.

080 34592444 salihuabdu@yahoo.com

http://fasahar-intanet.blogspot.com

LABARU DAGA INTANET

Hitachi Zata Fitar da Mafi Girman Ma’adanan Bayanai (http://www.msnbc.msn.com): Kamfanin Hitachi Global Storage Technologies za ta fitar da mafi girman ma’adanan bayanai na kwamfuta, watau Hard Drive (HDD), wanda mizaninsa ya kai tiriliyan, watau sama da bytes biliyan dubu kenan (Terabytes). Wannan ma’adanan bayanai na kwamfuta shi zai zama mafi girma a duniya yanzu, sama da wanda ake dashi, mai daukan bytes biliyan dari biyar (500 Gigabytes) kadai. Kamfanin kera kwamfuta na Dell Computers, wacce ta sha alwashin fara sanya ma kwamfutocinta wannan ma’adana, ta kiyasta farashinsa a dalar Amurka Dari Biyar ($500), a kalla naira dubu sittin da biyar kenan (N65,000.00). Kamfanin Hitachi ta ce wannan sabon fasaha na ta, zai iya daukan bayanai shafi miliyan dari, ko faya-fayan fim na DVD na tsawon kwanaki goma sha shida, ko yawan ganyen itatuwa a kalla dubu hamsim, ko kuma hotuna miliyan daya. Kai, a takaice kamfanin yace: “zai iya daukan mizanin wakokin da za a iya jinsu har tsawon shekaru biyu, babu yankewa.” Tirkashi, wani aikin sai fasahar kwamfuta!

Apple Inc. ta Sayar da iPod Miliyan Dari (http://www.msnbc.msn.com): Apple Incorporated ta bayyane cewa ta sayar da fasahar sauraron wakoki da take kerawa, watau iPod (ko MP3) miliyan dari. A cewan kamfanin, ta sayar da cikon miliyan darin ne ranar litinin da ta gabata. Kamfanin Apple dai kamfani ne da ke sahun kamfanoni masu kera kwamfuta da kayayyakin lantarki, kuma ta bullo da fasahar iPod ne don lodawa da kuma jin wake kowane iri ne, cikin sauki, a shekarar 2001. A halin yanzu tana sayar da wakoki daga gidan yanan sadarwanta ga duk mai bukata, don lodawa cikin iPod dinsa. iPod dai wani karamin fasaha ne, wanda bai kasa wayar salula ba, siriri, kuma mafi karancinsa na iya daukan wakoki sama dari. A halin yanzu akwai mai daukan wakoki dari biyar. Mafi karancin faranshinsa bai kasa dalan Amurka dari biyu ($200), a kalla naira dubu ashirin da biyar da dari takwas kenan (N25,800.00).

Abdullahi Salihu Abubakar (Baban Sadiq)

Off Lagos Crescent,

Anguwar Hausawa, Garki Village

Abuja.

080 34592444 absad143@yahoo.com, salihuabdu@yahoo.com

http://fasahar-intanet.blogspot.com

DANGANTAKAR INTANET DA HARKOKIN RAYUWA (5)

Mu’amala da Bankuna:

Kamar yadda muka yi alkawari makonni biyu da suka gabata, a yau zamu ci gaba da kwararo bayanai kan Dangantakar Intanet da Harkokin Rayuwa, kashi na biyar kenan, idan mai karatu bai mance ba. Zamu dubi irin saukin da fasahar Intanet ya ara ma masu bankuna wajen tafiyar da harkokinsu na kasuwan da kuma kulla alaka tabbatacciya tsakaninsu da abokan hulda. A yau, zamu kawo misalai ne daga gidan yanan sadarwan First Bank of Nigeria Plc, don fahimtar irin saukin da mai hulda da bankuna zai samu wajen mu’amala da bankin da yake ajiya da su ta hanyar fasahar Intanet.

Sabanin yadda mai karatu zai yi tunani watakil, yin mu’amala da bankuna ta hanyar fasahar Intanet ba ya nufin da zaran ka ji aljihunka ya bushe, sai kawai ka kama hanyar mashakatar tsallake-tsallake (cyber café) don “debo” kudi daga gidan yanan sadarwan bankin da kake ajiya dasu. Sam sam! A halin yanzu ba haka al’amarin yake ba a Nijeriya. Abinda wannan makala zai karantar da mai karatu shine yadda zaka iya samun bayanan da zasu taimaka maka tafiyar da taskanka a kowane banki. Idan kana bukatar sanin nawa kake dashi a taskanka, duk zaka iya sani. Idan so kake ka aika ma wani wasu kudade cikin taskansa, a bankin da kake ajiya, duk zaka iya. Idan kana son sanar da bankin cewa takardan cakinki (Cheque Book) ne ya kare, zaka iya aika musu da sako, su tanada maka. Idan ma katin karban kudi kake so, wanda zaka iya amfani da shi wajen ciro kudi daga taskanka ne, dare da rana safe da yamma (ATM Card), ko cikin mako ne, duk zaka iya bayar da umarni a tanada maka. Duk wannan na iya yiwuwa ta hanyar fasahar Intanet. Kenan, idan mai karatu ya lura, zai ga cewa ciro kudi daga taskansa ne kawai bazai iya yi ba. Don haka, abinda kawai zai kai ka bankin shine karban kudi, ko karban takardan cakinka (Cheque Booklet) ko katin ciro kudi (ATM Card), idan ya samu.

Yaya Zanyi?:

Idan kana bukatar aiwatar da wasu harkoki da suka shafi taskanka ta gidan yanan sadarwan kowane banki, abu na farko da kake bukata shine ka yi rajista da bankin cewa kana son su rinka aiko maka bayanai kan taskanka ta Intanet. Wannan shi ake kira “Internet Banking” ko kuma “Electronic Banking”. Idan kaje bankin, a matsayinka na mai ajiya dasu, sai ka sanar da su cewa kana son ka fara “Internet Banking”, zasu ba ka fam da zaka cika, don shigar da sunanka cikin rajistansu. Galibin bankuna basu karban ko kwabo don sun maka wannan, domin sauki ne a garesu. Amma kafin nan, ka tabbata kana da adireshin Imel, wanda ta nan zasu rinka saduwa da kai, duk da yake ya danganta da tsarin gidan yanan sadarwan bankin. Duk lokacin da aka sanya wasu kudade cikin taskanka, za a aiko maka da sakon Imel cewa ka samu wasu kudade, da kuma yawansu, da ranar da aka sanya su, sai kuma sunan wanda ya aiko maka, duk a ciki.

Kamar yadda nace a sama, a yau zamu yi misali ne da bankin First Bank. Mu kaddara kana ajiya a bankin, kuma kana da adireshin wasikar sadarwa na Imel, amma baka riga ka sanar dasu cewa kana bukatar fara Internet Banking ba. Sai ka shiga gidan yanan sadarwan bankin, a http://www.firstbanknigeria.com. Da ka shiga zaka ci karo da wani gajeren shafi da ke maka gargadi kan masu zamba-cikin-aminci da ke ci da sunan bankin. Kada gabanka ya fadi. Ka duba karshen shafin daga kasa, zaka ga inda aka rubuta “Click Here to Enter the First Bank Site”. Idan ka matsa wajen, zai bace. Sai ka dubi tsakiyan shafin daga sama, inda aka rubuta “Products and Service Offerings”, zaka ga wani dan karamin kibiya daga gefe, ka matsa, wasu tarin zabin bayanai zasu gangaro. Sai ka zabi “Internet Banking”, shafi zai budo da kansa, ba sai ka matsa wajen ba.

Da zaran ka shigo wannan shafi, zaka ci karo da tarin bayanai da zasu taimaka maka yin rajista kan “Internet Banking”. Don munasaba, ka dubi bayanan da ke hannun dama, sai ka matsa inda aka rubuta “Sign Up for Internet Banking”. Wannan zai kai ka shafin da zaka karasa yin rajista. A shafin, zaka ci karo da bayanan yarjejeniya na “kare sirrin abokin hulda”, watau “Agreement/Privacy”. Sai ka matsa dan ramin dake kasa, ka sake matsa inda aka rubuta “Enter Application”, za a kai ka inda zaka gabatar da sauran al’amura. Da zaran ka gama cikewa, za a baka suna (username) da kalman iznin shiga (password), wanda zaka rinka shigowa gidan yanan sadarwan.

Abinda ya saura yanzu shine ka yi amfani da sunan da suka baka wajen shiga gidan yanan sadarwansu, da duk wani abinda zaka aiwatar, duk zasu shaida ka. Don haka idan ta gidan yanan sadarwan kake son ka rinka karban sakonni, duk zaka iya. Idan kuma so kake su rinka aiko maka cikin jakar Imel dinka (Yahoo ko Hotmail dsr), duk kana da zabi. Abinda zaka kiyaye kawai shine, duk lokacin da ka shiga gidan yanan sadarwan, sai ka sake shiga da sunanka (username & password), don isa inda zaka aiwatar da harkokin da suka shafe ka. Zaka iya hakan net a hanyar shigar da sunan (username) da kalmar iznin shiga (password) a inda aka rubuta “Sing In”. ko kuma kaje wajen “Retail Banking”, ka shiga ta can.

Kammalawa:

Wannan shine hanya mafi sauki daga cikin hanyoyin da mai mu’amala ke da su ta hanyar fasahar Intanet. A mako mai zuwa zamu ci gaba da kawo bayanai kan wani bangare na kasuwanci in Allah Ya yarda. Kada a mance, za a iya samun kasidun baya a shafin kundin sirrinmu da ke http://fasahar-intanet.blogspot.com.