Kwarewa a Fannin Fasahar Sadarwa (2)

Matashiya

A makon da ya gabata mun fara bayani ne da mukaddima kan abinda ya shafi kwarewa a daya daga cikin fannonin fasahar sadarwa na zamani, inda muka zayyana shahararru cikin fannonin tare da takaitattun bayanai kan kowanne. A karshe kuma muka biyo da zayyana wasu sinadarai na tarbiyyan rayuwa da zasu iya taimaka ma duk mai son kwarewa a kan kowane irin fanni ne. A yau in Allah Ya yarda zamu fara jero bayanai kan wadannan fannoni shahararru, daya na bin daya, filla-filla. Sai a biyo mu.

Fannin “Computer Science”

Fannin Computer Science shine gamammen fannin da ya tattaro dukkan wani bangare da ke da alaka da ilimin kwamfuta da dangantakar ta da sauran kayayyaki da hanyoyin fasahar sadarwa na zamani. Wannan fanni yana da mutukar muhimmanci mu koye shi, musamman a halin yanzu da duniya ke kan gamewa sanadiyyar tasirin kwamfuta da sauran karikitan sadarwa. Kalmar Computer Science a dunkule, na nufin duk wani ilimi da ya shafi harkan kwamfuta, daga kerawa, sarrafawa zuwa gyarawa da kuma lura da wannan fasaha na sadarwa. Ilimi ne da ke da alaka da duk wani ilimi da ake ji dashi a duniya a yau. Idan likita ne, kana bukatar sa, ka so ko ka ki. Idan magini ne kai, kana bukata. Idan masinja ne kai a ofis, kana bukata. Idan dan kasuwa ne kai, kana bukata. Idan akanta ne kai, kana bukata. Balle kuma a ce kai dan jarida ne, ai kusan dole ne ka hada alaka da wannan ilimi. A yanzu an kai wani matsayi a duniya, ba ma Nijeriya kadai ba, wanda idan ba ka da mafi karancin ilimi kan kwamfuta, samun aikin yi irin na zamani zai gagare ka. Don haka wannan fanni ne mai muhimmanci. Kai ko ba don yin aiki irin na zamani ba (aikin ofis nake nufi), koyon sarrafa kwamfuta abu ne da ya kamata, domin ita ce alkalamin zamani, kuma ta shiga cikin alkaluman da Allah Yace Ya sanar da dan Adam amfani dasu.

Wannan fanni na ilimin kwamfuta watau Computer Science, ya kumshi ilmummuka da dama kan ita kanta kwamfutar. A ciki ne zaka san tarihin yadda aka kirkiri wannan fasaha, da kuma wanda ya kirkira. Zaka san tsarin gangar-jikin wannan fasaha, watau Hardware, da yadda ake lura dashi. Zaka san tsarin manhajojin da ke kumshe cikin wannan fasaha, watau Software, da kuma yadda ake mu’amala da su. Har wa yau, wannan fanni ne zai karantar da kai irin ginin da aka yi ma kwamfuta wajen tunani da kuma bayar da shawara ga wanda yake mu’amala da ita; tsarin yadda kwamfuta ke lazimtar abinda ka ke yi a kanta, da kuma yadda take baka shawarwari ta la’akari da abin da ta lura shi kake yi ko kokarin yi. Duk wannan na kumshe cikin ilimin Artificial Intelligence, da abinda ya shafi fannin lissafi, watau Computer Mathematics. Za kuma ka san tsarin yadda kwamfuta ke hada alaka tsakaninta da ‘yar uwanta, watau Networking. Zaka san yadda aka gina manhajojinta, ta amfani da fasahar gina manhajar kwamfuta, watau Computer Programming. Har wa yau zaka san yadda ake mu’amala da wadannan masarrafai ko manhajoji. Idan kayi hakuri wajen karatu zaka ci karo da tsarin yadda ake likitancin kwamfuta da irin abubuwan da ke damunta da yadda ake gyarawa. Kai a takaice dai, duk wani abu da ya shafi wannan kaya na fasaha da ake ce ma kwamfuta, zaka samu bayanai a kai, a takaice ko a fayyace. Na san a yanzu mai karatu na can yana tunanin hanyar da zai bi ya samu wannan shahada ta Computer Science ko? To ga takaitaccen bayani nan.

Me Ake Bukata?

Samun shahada ko digiri kan wannan fanni mai lakabin “Computer Science”, yana bukatar halartar jami’a don yin digiri na farko, watau Bsc (Bachelor of Science in Computer). Hakan kuma na yiwuwa ne ta hanyar shahadar sakandare, watau O’level, wanda ake bukatar ka samu darajar “Credit” cikin kwasakwasai biyar da ka yi jarabawarsu, ciki har da lissafi (Maths), da Turanci (English) da kuma Fiziya (Physics). Idan kuma kana da difiloma kan Computer Science da ka yi a kwalejin fasaha, watau Polytechnic, duk kana iya samun shiga don karantar wannan fanni na Computer Science. Amma ba ka iya shiga da irin difiloman da ake samu ta makarantun koyar da kwamfuta da ke kan titi, ko da kuwa gwamnati ba musu rajista, ta san da zaman su. Bayan haka, ta yiwu kana da digiri a wani fanni daban, amma kana son ka canza layin karatu ko kwarewa, duk zaka iya. Sai ka sayi fam din duk wata jami’a da ke karantar da wannan fanni, don yin babban difiloma, watau Postgraduate Diploma idan suna yi. Wadannan su ne hanyoyin da ake bi wajen samun digiri a wannan fanni, wanda duk bai wuce shekaru hudu a jami’o’in Nijeriya ba. Idan ka gama, kana iya ci gaba don samun babban digiri na biyu (Masters) ko ma digirin digirgir da dingirewa, watau PhD. To me zaka iya da wannan ilimi mai tarin albarka?

Abin Yi

Idan ka kware a wannan fanni na Computer Science, zaka iya aiki a duk wata ma’aikata da ke mu’amala da kwamfuta, ko a ina take a duniya. Zaka iya zama mai lura da sashen kwamfutar su, ko daya daga cikin ma’aikatansu. Zaka iya zama shahararre wajen hada alaka tsakanin kwamfutocin da ke ofishin su, watau Network Administrator. Har wa yau, idan kuma baka bukatar aiki a kowace ma’aikata, zaka iya kafa naka ma’aikatar a matsayin kwararre mai bayar da shawara kan harkan kwamfuta wajen sayo su ko sarrafa su ko karantar da su ko lura da su, watau Consultant. Kana iya zama malami mai karantar da wannan ilimi, mai rubutu kan yadda ake amfani da wannan fasaha, a jami’o’I ne ko kwalejin fasaha. Kai, kana iya bude makaranta naka na kanka, don karantar da yadda ake sarrafa wannan fasaha. Kana iya bude shago don zuba kwamfuta, in da za a rinka buga bayanai da dabba’a su da tsara taswirori da sauransu. Duk wanda ka dauka cikin dukkan wadannan, zai baka daman habbaka, iya gwargwadon kwarewarka. Za ka samu jama’a sosai, domin wannan fanni ne da ke habbaka a kullum. Ma daman mutane na mu’amala da wannan fasaha, ko ina kake ana iya binka. Galibin kwararru a kan kwamfuta basu cika dadewa a ma’ikatun gwamnati ko na wasu a matsayin ma’aikata ba. Da zaran sun dan jima a wuri, sai su nemi wani wurin da yafi wannan tsoka. Ana cikin haka, da zaran sun ga sun zama wata tsiya cikin wannan fanni, sai kawai su bude nasu kamfanin, su rinka karban kwamgilan shigowa da kwamfutoci daga wasu kasashe. Kai a takaice dai, iya gwargwadon yadda ake amfani da wannan fasaha a inda kake, iya gwargwadon kasuwanka, in Allah Ya yarda. Da haka zaka zama mai daukan wasu aiki, ba mai neman aiki ba. A halin da Nijeriya ke ciki, bai kamata duk wani mai ilimi irin wannan ya rasa abin yi ba, sam, sai don kailula da lalaci. Tabbas akan samu haka saboda rashin ingancin karatu. Domin a wasu makarantun, bai sai wuri ba ka ga mutum har yayi digiri kan Computer Science, amma bai iya kwankwasa kwamfuta ba, sai in zuwa yayi makarantar koyo ya biya kudi aka koya masa. Hakan na rafuwa ne saboda rashin kayayyakin aiki da ke jami’o’inmu, wanda bai kamata ba. Fannoni irin wadannan, wadanda ke bukatar kayan aiki, bai kamata a ce an rasa su ba a yayin karantarwa. A wasu kasashe, ba kwamfuta kake karantawa ba, ko fannin kimiyyar tsara gidaje kake (Building Engineering), sai ka mallaki kwamfuta zaka ji dadin karatu, domin komai a kan kwamfuta ake. Amma a kasashe masu tasowa, kai zaka biya kudi a makarantun koyon kwamfuta na kan titi, don koyon yadda ake sarrafa kwamfuta a aikace. Wannan abin kunya ne.

Kammalawa

Wannan shine bayanin da ya sawwaka kan abinda ya shafi kwarewa a fannin Computer Science, watau gamammen ilimin kwamfuta. Idan Allah Ya kai mu mako mai zuwa, zamu kawo bayani kan fannin Desktop Publishing. Idan akwai tambayoyi sai a rubuto ko a bugo waya. Muna maraba da su, kamar kullum. Ina kuma mika sakon gaisuwata ga dukkan wadanda suka bugo waya ko aiko da sakon text. Allah Ya bar zumunci, amin.

Abdullahi Salihu Abubakar (Baban Sadiq)

Off Lagos Crescent, Anguwar Hausawa,

Garki II, Abuja. 08034592444

Fasaha2007@yahoo.com

http://fasahar-intanet.blogspot.com, http://babansadiq.blogspot.com