Gabatarwa
Don samun natsuwa da sauki a dukkan marhalan rayuwarsa ta duniya, dan Adam na bukatar makamashi kusan fiye da kowane irin halitta da ke rayuwa a doron wannan kasa. Domin sai da makamashi zai iya gyatta abincinsa; sai da makamashi zai iya dumama jikinsa don samun cikakkiyar lafiya a yanayin sanyi da hunturu; sai da makamashi zai iya kera wasu cikin kayayyakin da yake matukar bukatarsu wajen tafiyar da rayuwa; sai da makamashi dan Adam, a wannan zamani da muke ciki, zai iya tasarrufi daga wannan gari zuwa wancan, ko wannan kauye zuwa wancan ko kuma wannan unguwa zuwa wancan. In tafiya tayi nisa ma, hatta sadarwa bazai iya yi ba sai ta hanyar wasu daga cikin nau’ukan makamashin da muke da su a yau. Kai a takaice ma dai, wasu cikin manyan al’amuran Ibada basu yiwuwa ta dadi sai da makamashi a wannan duniya tamu ta yau. To me ake nufi da makamashi?
Makamashi ba ya bukatar wata doguwar ta’arifi, domin kowa ya san abinda ake kira da suna makamashi. Amma don tunatarwa, makamashi shine dukkan wani abinda zai sawwake wa dan Adam hanyoyin tafiyar da rayuwa wajen abinda ya shafi dumamawa, gasawa, dafawa, haskakawa, Konawa, sanyayawa, tasarrufi da sadarwa da dai sauran abinda zai iya bukata masu alaka da makamashin. A takaice, dan Adam na bukatar wuta, da hasken lantarki, da hasken rana (da dukkan nau’ukansa), da man fetur da gaz da dizil da dai sauran abubuwa masu nasaba da su. Wadannan dukkansu ana kiransu makamashi da Hausa, ko kuma kace Energy, a turancin kimiyyar muhalli. Muhallin dan Adam gaba daya a cike yake da dukkan nau’ukan makamashin da yake bukata; ya sani ko bai sani ba. Daga hasken ranar da ke ziyartarsa a dukkan rana, zuwa tururin zafin karkashin teku, da matattun halittu ko tsiri da ke daskare a karkashin kasa, zuwa dunkulallun bakaken duwatsu da ke kawwanuwa ta sanadiyyar tarkacen da ke karkashin kasa, duk suna samar wa dan Adam dukkan makamashin da yake bukata. Wasu daga cikin wadannan nau’uka na makamashi a zahiri suke kowa na iya ganinsu. Wasu kuma basu ganuwa sai dai kawai a samu natijarsu a matsayin makamashi. Hakan ya baiwa dan Adam yakinin yarda da samuwarsu. Har zuwa wannan lokaci, dan Adam bai gama gano dimbin makamashin da ke dankare tsakanin sama da kasa ba, balle ya taskance su don amfaninsa. Sai dai kawai yayi iya yinsa, sauran ya bar wa na baya.
Nau’ukan Makamashi
Kamar yadda bayani ya gabata, akwai nau’ukan makamashi da dama da Allah Ya hore wa dan Adam amfani dasu tsakanin sama da kasa. Yana kuma ganowa ko amfanuwa das u ne iya gwargwadon ilimi da kuma binciken da yayi wajen gano su. Hatta wadanda yake gani ko jinsu a fili, amfanin da yake dasu ya ta’allaka ne da iya gwargwadon bincikensa. Idan muka dubi littafan tarihi, zamu ga cewa dukkan al’ummomin da suka shude suna da nau’ukan makamashinsu. Zai iya yiwuwa muna amfani da irin nasu a yanzu, amma saboda tasirin bincike da aka yi ko ake kan yi a yanzu, mun sake samun wasu nau’ukan dabam, ko da kuwa hanyoyin samuwarsu iri daya ne da na al’ummar da suka gabace mu. A halin yanzu akwai nau’uka da dama, amma zamu takaita bayani ne kan kadan daga cikinsu, wadanda suka shahara. Wadannan shahararru dai su ne: makamashin da ake samu daga tataccen hasken rana, watau Solar Energy kenan a Turance. Akwai wasu nau’ukan makamashin da ke wannan duniya wadanda ake samu daga gundarin hasken rana da ke darsuwa a wannan duniya tamu; wanda jikin dan Adam ko kwayar idonsa basa iya jure ji ko riskarsa, ba wai irin nau’in hasken ranar da yake iya gani ba a kullum. Wadannan nau’ukan haske su ake kira Electromagnetic Radiation, kuma suna dauke ne da makamashi mai dimbin yawa, masu taimaka wa dan Adam wajen bincike da sauran abubuwan ci gaba. Sai makamashin tururin zafin karkashin teku, wanda ake kira Geothermal Energy. Akwai kuma makamashin wutar lantarki, watau Electricity kenan. Bayan wadannan akwai makamashin nukiliya, watau Nuclear Energy. Sai makamashin da ake tsuwurwirtarsa daga karfin iskar da ke bugawa a cikin wannan duniya tamu, watau Wind Energy. A karshe kuma zamu ji bayani kan makamashin karkashin kasa, wanda ke samuwa sanadiyyar rubabbun tarkacen da ke daskare shekaru aru-aru, watau Fossil Fuel ko kuma Geological Energy. Wani abin sha’awa shine, galibin nau’ukan makamashin da aka zayyana, wasu masu zaman kansu ne, wasu kuma su ke samar da wasu. Zamu ji bayani dai filla-filla nan gaba.
Don samun natsuwa da sauki a dukkan marhalan rayuwarsa ta duniya, dan Adam na bukatar makamashi kusan fiye da kowane irin halitta da ke rayuwa a doron wannan kasa. Domin sai da makamashi zai iya gyatta abincinsa; sai da makamashi zai iya dumama jikinsa don samun cikakkiyar lafiya a yanayin sanyi da hunturu; sai da makamashi zai iya kera wasu cikin kayayyakin da yake matukar bukatarsu wajen tafiyar da rayuwa; sai da makamashi dan Adam, a wannan zamani da muke ciki, zai iya tasarrufi daga wannan gari zuwa wancan, ko wannan kauye zuwa wancan ko kuma wannan unguwa zuwa wancan. In tafiya tayi nisa ma, hatta sadarwa bazai iya yi ba sai ta hanyar wasu daga cikin nau’ukan makamashin da muke da su a yau. Kai a takaice ma dai, wasu cikin manyan al’amuran Ibada basu yiwuwa ta dadi sai da makamashi a wannan duniya tamu ta yau. To me ake nufi da makamashi?
Makamashi ba ya bukatar wata doguwar ta’arifi, domin kowa ya san abinda ake kira da suna makamashi. Amma don tunatarwa, makamashi shine dukkan wani abinda zai sawwake wa dan Adam hanyoyin tafiyar da rayuwa wajen abinda ya shafi dumamawa, gasawa, dafawa, haskakawa, Konawa, sanyayawa, tasarrufi da sadarwa da dai sauran abinda zai iya bukata masu alaka da makamashin. A takaice, dan Adam na bukatar wuta, da hasken lantarki, da hasken rana (da dukkan nau’ukansa), da man fetur da gaz da dizil da dai sauran abubuwa masu nasaba da su. Wadannan dukkansu ana kiransu makamashi da Hausa, ko kuma kace Energy, a turancin kimiyyar muhalli. Muhallin dan Adam gaba daya a cike yake da dukkan nau’ukan makamashin da yake bukata; ya sani ko bai sani ba. Daga hasken ranar da ke ziyartarsa a dukkan rana, zuwa tururin zafin karkashin teku, da matattun halittu ko tsiri da ke daskare a karkashin kasa, zuwa dunkulallun bakaken duwatsu da ke kawwanuwa ta sanadiyyar tarkacen da ke karkashin kasa, duk suna samar wa dan Adam dukkan makamashin da yake bukata. Wasu daga cikin wadannan nau’uka na makamashi a zahiri suke kowa na iya ganinsu. Wasu kuma basu ganuwa sai dai kawai a samu natijarsu a matsayin makamashi. Hakan ya baiwa dan Adam yakinin yarda da samuwarsu. Har zuwa wannan lokaci, dan Adam bai gama gano dimbin makamashin da ke dankare tsakanin sama da kasa ba, balle ya taskance su don amfaninsa. Sai dai kawai yayi iya yinsa, sauran ya bar wa na baya.
Nau’ukan Makamashi
Kamar yadda bayani ya gabata, akwai nau’ukan makamashi da dama da Allah Ya hore wa dan Adam amfani dasu tsakanin sama da kasa. Yana kuma ganowa ko amfanuwa das u ne iya gwargwadon ilimi da kuma binciken da yayi wajen gano su. Hatta wadanda yake gani ko jinsu a fili, amfanin da yake dasu ya ta’allaka ne da iya gwargwadon bincikensa. Idan muka dubi littafan tarihi, zamu ga cewa dukkan al’ummomin da suka shude suna da nau’ukan makamashinsu. Zai iya yiwuwa muna amfani da irin nasu a yanzu, amma saboda tasirin bincike da aka yi ko ake kan yi a yanzu, mun sake samun wasu nau’ukan dabam, ko da kuwa hanyoyin samuwarsu iri daya ne da na al’ummar da suka gabace mu. A halin yanzu akwai nau’uka da dama, amma zamu takaita bayani ne kan kadan daga cikinsu, wadanda suka shahara. Wadannan shahararru dai su ne: makamashin da ake samu daga tataccen hasken rana, watau Solar Energy kenan a Turance. Akwai wasu nau’ukan makamashin da ke wannan duniya wadanda ake samu daga gundarin hasken rana da ke darsuwa a wannan duniya tamu; wanda jikin dan Adam ko kwayar idonsa basa iya jure ji ko riskarsa, ba wai irin nau’in hasken ranar da yake iya gani ba a kullum. Wadannan nau’ukan haske su ake kira Electromagnetic Radiation, kuma suna dauke ne da makamashi mai dimbin yawa, masu taimaka wa dan Adam wajen bincike da sauran abubuwan ci gaba. Sai makamashin tururin zafin karkashin teku, wanda ake kira Geothermal Energy. Akwai kuma makamashin wutar lantarki, watau Electricity kenan. Bayan wadannan akwai makamashin nukiliya, watau Nuclear Energy. Sai makamashin da ake tsuwurwirtarsa daga karfin iskar da ke bugawa a cikin wannan duniya tamu, watau Wind Energy. A karshe kuma zamu ji bayani kan makamashin karkashin kasa, wanda ke samuwa sanadiyyar rubabbun tarkacen da ke daskare shekaru aru-aru, watau Fossil Fuel ko kuma Geological Energy. Wani abin sha’awa shine, galibin nau’ukan makamashin da aka zayyana, wasu masu zaman kansu ne, wasu kuma su ke samar da wasu. Zamu ji bayani dai filla-filla nan gaba.
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