Kimiyya da Fasahar Sadarwa!: HIRA DA TATTAUNAWA (Chatting and Mailing Lists)

Hira da Tattaunawa a Duniyar Gizo

aga lokacin da mai karatu yazo karshen wannan makala, zai fahimci cewa lallai tsarin da mutane ke kai wajen gudanar da hakikanin rayuwa ta zahiri, bai da banbanci da wanda suke gudanarwa ta Intanet. Idan ma akwai, to banbancin kadan ne. Domin a yanzu kusan dukkan harkokin rayuwa na zahiri ana kokarin ganin cewa an samu kwatankwacinsu a duniyar gizo. Shi yasa a kasashen Turai da America, inda ake da ci gaba ta fannin tattalin arzikin kasa, mutane kan kashe kusan kashi sittin cikin dari na lokutansu suna yawo a Intanet; ko dai sayayya suke yi, ko hira da abokan arziki, ko neman bayanai don bincike, ko koyon karatu ko buga wasan kwamfuta, watau Computer Game, da sauran harkokin rayuwa. Daga cikin wadannan wurare akwai Zaurorin Hira da Majalisun Tattaunawa, watau Chat Rooms and Mailing Lists, a turance.

A kasidar da ta gabata wancan mako, mun karanta cewa Wasikar Hanyar Sadarwa watau Imel, na daya daga cikin gimshikan da suka dada habbaka sanayya kan Fasahar Intanet a duniya gaba. To bayan Imel, masu biye mata sune Zaurorin Hira da Majalisun Tattaunawa. Dunkulallen sunan da suka fi shahara dashi shine Cyber Communities, ko kace Kauyukan Yanar Gizo, a Hausance. Wurare ne ko hanyoyi saduwa da juna don hira ko tattaunawa kan harkokin rayuwa gaba daya; daga siyasa zuwa addini; daga likitanci zuwa lauyanci. Duk wani abin da ka san ya shafi rayuwar dan Adam, to akwai inda ake tattaunawa kan yadda abin yake, ko asalinsa ko tasirinsa wajen amfani da rashinsa. A wadannan wurare zaka amfana da ilmummuka da dama; wasu lokuta ayi nishadi, a wasu lokutan kuma kowa ya zare tokobinsa ana daga jijiyoyin wuya. Ga takaitaccen bayani kan kowanne daga cikinsu, da kuma yadda ake shiga da gudanar da mu’amala a cikinsu:

Zauren Hira (Chat Room/Messenger):

Zaurorin Hira wurare ne da ake hira irin na ga-ni-ga-ka, watau yanzu-yanzu. Zaka iya aikawa da rubutacciyar sako a kuma baka amsa yanzu-yanzu, kamar ga ka ga abokin hiranka. Hakan na yiwuwa net a hanyar Manhajar Hirar Ga-ni-ga-ka, watau Instant Chat Program a turance. Wadannan manhajoji na dauke ne a gidajen yanan sadarwa daban-daban. Shahararru daga cikinsu sune: Yahoo! Messenger (http://messenger.yahoo.com). Sai Network Messenger (http://www.msn.com). Akwai kuma ICQ – I Seek You, a lafazance - (http://www.icq.com). Sannan ga AOL Instant Messenger (http://www.aol.com). Sai kuma kanana irinsu: TalkCity (http://www.talkcity.com) da Snap Chap (http://chat.snap.com) sai kuma PalTalk (http://www.paltalk.com). Don samun cikakkiyar fahimtar yadda ake gudanar da ire-iren wadannan hirarraki, zamu yi misali cikin bayani da Yahoo Messenger, wanda yafi shahara.

Da farko dai dole ne ya zama kana da adireshin Imel, wanda da shi ne zaka iya shiga Zauren Hiran. Kuma dashi ne sauran abokan hiranka zasu iya shaidaka. Haka idan ka tashi neman abokan hira, dole sai da adireshin Imel. Daga nan sai ka diro (download) da Manhajar Zauren Hiran, watau Instant Chat Program, daga gidan yanan sadarwan Yahoo!, zaka sameshi a http://messenger.yahoo.com. Idan babu a kwamfutar da ka hau kenan, amma idan a Mashakatar Tsallake-tsallake kake (cyber café), sai ka duba fuskar talabijin kwamfutar da ka hau (desktop), zaka ga tambarin hoton kan mutum karami, an rubuta Yahoo! Messenger a kasansa. Da zaran ka matsa shi sau biyu cikin lokaci guda (double-click), zai budo. Sai ka shigar da suna (username) da kalmar iznin shiganka (password), wadanda ka bude Akwatin Imel dinka dasu. Idan allon hiranka ya budo, sai ka haura sama daga dama, ka matsa “contacts”, ka zarce “add contacts”. A nan ne zaka ga inda zaka shigar da adireshin Imel din abokanan hiranka. Da zaran ka gama shigarwa sai ka matsa inda aka rubuta “finish”. Idan ka ga alamar dake dauke da adireshi ko sunayen abokan hiranka ta canza zuwa kalan rawaya (yellow), wannan ke nuna cewa lallai suna kan kwamfutarsu. Don haka sai ka matsa alamar sau biyu lokaci daya, zauren hiranka zai bude, dauke da sunan abokin hiranka a gurun dake sama, watau Title Bar.

Zauren hawa biyu ne; sama da kasa. A kasa zaka rinka rubuta sakonka, sai ka matsa “enter” dake dama, sakonnin zasu haura sama, yayin da abokin hiranka zai gansu. Idan ya rubuto nasa, a sama zaka gansu. Kowane sako na dauke da adireshi ko sunan wanda ya rubuto tsakanin kai ko shi. A jikin wannan zauren hira, akwai inda zaka iya aika masa jakunkunan bayanai (files) ko hotuna da dai sauransu. Da zaran kuma abokin hiranka ya fice daga nasa zauren, zaka samu sako cewa: “wane has signed out” a misali. Daga nan sai ka matsa inda aka rubuta “conversation” dake jikin zaurenka, daga can sama, ka gangaro “close”, sai ka matsa. Ka fice kenan daga naka zauren kaima.

Majalisun Tattaunawa (Mailing Lists ko Discussion Forum):

Majalisun Tattaunawa wurare ne da ake tattauna al’marun rayuwa ta hanyar sakonnin Imel. Asalin Manhajar da ke aika wadannan sakonni ga mambobin da ke ire-iren wadannan majalisu na cikin gidajen yanan sadarwa ne. Ana kiransu Listervers, a turance. Idan ka aika da sako zuwa ga Uwar Garken manhajan, sai ta karba, ta cilla ma dukkan mambobin majalisar. Da zaran sun gani, duk wanda ya aika da jawabi kan abinda ka rubuta, zata karba, ta cilla ma kowa. Haka ake gabatar da tattaunawa a wadannan majalisu. Wani abin sha’awa shine, ko a ina kake zaka iya shiga irin wadannan majalisu, muddin kana shiga Intanet. Kuma sun zama hanyoyi mafiya sauki wajen hada abota tsakanin mutanen dake nahiyoyin duniya daban daban. Kuma suna nan kala-kala, kuma cikin harshe daban-daban. Hausawa na da nasu majalisun, inda ake tattaunawa kan al’adun Hausawa. Akwai majalisar Finafinan Hausa, da na Marubuta Littafin Hausa, da na Al’adun Hausawa, wadanda Farfesa Abdallah Uba Adamu dake Jami’ir Bayero dake Kano ya bude. Sai majalisun da ake tattauna harkokin Musulunci irinsu Nurul Islam, wanda Malam Magaji Galadima ya bude, kuma nake lura da ita. Da kuma Majalisar Dandalin Matasa, nan ma Musuluci ake tattaunawa, wata baiwar Allah ne mai suna Aishah Adamu ta bude. Kai da dai sauran Majalisu da dama, sai wanda ka shigo ka gani.

Idan kana bukatar shiga ire-iren wadanan majalisu, na farko ya zama kana da adireshin Imel, kamar yadda bayani ya gabata. Sai ka zabi irin Majalisar da kake son shiga. Akwai gidajen Yanan Sadarwa dake dauke da manhajar majalisun tattaunawa irin su: Yahoo! Groups (http://groups.yahoo.com), da MSN (http://communities.msn.com) sai kuma Google Groups (http://groups-beta.google.com). Mu kaddara Yahoo! Groups kake son shiga, kuma Majalisar Finafinan Hausa. Sai ke je zauren Majalisar, a http://groups.yahoo.com/group/finafinan_hausa . Sai ka matsa inda aka rubuta “Join This Group”, za a kai ka inda zaka shigar da suna (username) da kalmar iznin shiganka (password) na Yahoo. In ka shigar, sai ka matsa “Sign In”, shafi zai budo. To, kasancewan Majalisar Finafinan Hausa kullalliya ce, ma’ana sai ka nemi iznin Madugu, watau Uban Majalisa kenan. A shafin zaka ga inda aka tana maka don rubuta dalilin shiganka. Da ka gama, sai ka matsa “send” da ke can kasa. Ya danganta da lokacin da ka aika, amma galibi, baya wuce kwana daya, za a shigar da kai. Daga nan zaka fara samun sakonnin da wasu ke aikowa majalisar. Idan ka karanta, sai ka aika da naka.

Abinda ake so a dukkan majalisu shine, duk lokacin da ka shigo a matsayinka na sabon dan majalisa, sai ka natsu don karanta dokokin da ke majalisar, don dukkan majalisu suna da dokokinsu. Bayan nan, kada ka cutar da kowa da zagi ko da baker Magana; ka zama mai dattako; ka rinka karanta dukkan sakon da aka aiko maka daga farko zuwa karshe, wannan zai baka dama sani inda aka kwana, kada ka sari bayani da sama, ka kasa fahintar abinda ake Magana akai. Bayan nan, sakonninka su zama takaitattu, gwargwadon bukata, kuma masu ma’ana. Idan kuma baka da abin cewa, to a gaskiya yin shiru shi yafi alkhairi. Dukkan wadannan dokoki su ake kira Nettiquette a turance.

Daga karshe, ga adireshin wasu daga cikin majalisun Hausawa dake Intanet: