INTANET DA HAUSAWA!

Hausawa da Intanet

A yau ga mu dauke da bayanai kan dangantakar Bahaushe ko harshen Hausa, da kuma fasahar Intanet. Wadannan bayanai na da matukar muhimmanci wajen taimaka ma mai karatu sanin inda zai rinka zuwa lilo lokaci-lokaci. A yau zamu dubi zuwan Intanet kasar Hausa; yaushe Intanet ya riske mu? Ta ina, kuma wace shekara? Sannan zamu samu bayanai kan yaduwar harshen Hausa cikin Intanet, da nau’ukan bayanan da ke makare cikin Intanet kan harshen Hausa da al’adun Hausawa, in Allah Ya yarda.

Tarihin Intanet a Nijeriya:

Tarihin zuwan Intanet Nijeriya, ba ma kasar Hausa kadai ba, gajere ne ba wani mai tsawo ba. A Nijeriyance burbushin sinadarin Intanet ya fara diga kasan nan ne a shekarar 1990, lokacin da Jami’ar Ilorin (University of Ilorin) da ke jihar Kwara ta samu jonuwa da fasahar sadarwa ta wasikar Imel (e-mail), ta taimakon Jami’ar Mc Master dake kasar Kanada (Canada). Bayan shekaru uku (1993) sai gwamnatin tarayya ta hada Nijeriya da sauran kasashen duniya (musamman Amurka), da gamammiyar hanyar sadarwa ta Imel na duniya, watau POP3. Wannan tasa ake iya aikewa da kuma karban sakonnin Imel a Nijeriya, amma ta Kwalejin Fasahar Yaba (Yabatech) da ke Legas kadai.

To amma fasahar Intanet, dungurungun dinta, ta iso kasan nan ne cikin shekarar 1998. Daidai wannan lokaci Hukumar Sadarwa ta Kasa (NITEL) ta bayar da lasisin kafa mashakatar tsallake-tsallake (cyber café) ga kamfanoni masu sha’awan yin hakan wajen arba’in (40). Sai dai duk da hakan, wadanda suka samu daman budewa basu wuce guda goma ba; tsakanin Legas da Abuja. Wannan tasa fasahar Intanet bata samu kutsawa Arewacin Nijeriya ba sai cikin shekaran 2001, lokacin da ta samu riskuwa da Jalla Babbar Hausa, Ta Dabo Tumbin Giwa – Kano.

Yaduwar Intanet a Kasar Hausa:

A halin yanzu Intanet ya fara yaduwa cikin Jihohin Arewacin Nijeriya. Don a kalla ba a rasa mashakatar tsallake-tsallake (cyber café) guda biyu a kusan dukkan manyan biranen jihohin Arewa. Mafi yawancin masu shiga Intanet na yin hakan ne ta dayan hanyoyi uku: Hanya ta farko itace ofis. Mafi yawancin ma’aikatan gwamnatin tarayya da na jihohi na mu’amala da Intanet ne a ofishoshinsu. Wannan ya faru ne saboda samuwar kwamfutoci cikin kayayyakin aikin hukumomin gwamnati. Daga Jami’o’i zuwa ofisoshi; daga asibitoci zuwa dakunan karatu (libraries), zaka samu kwamfutoci da aka jona su da layukan Intanet. Wasu jihohin, musamman irinsu Jigawa, suna da cibiyoyin karantar da ilimin kwamfuta. Wasu gwamnatocin ma suna da gidajen yanan sadarwa. Dukkan wadannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka kawo mutane kusa da wannan fasaha.

Hanya ta biyu kuma ita ce ta mallakan kwamfuta tare da jona ta da layin Intanet. Sau tari zaka samu mafi yawancin manyan ma’aikatan gwamnati da masu hannu da shuni a Arewa, suna da kwamfuta da layin Intanet jone dashi. Ko dai ya zama su suke amfani dashi ko kuma ‘ya’yansu.

Hanya ta uku kuma ita ce ta mashakatar tsallake-tsallake (cyber café). A farkon al’amari, Hukumar Sadarwa ta Kasa (NITEL) ce kadai ke hada mutane da wannan fasaha, bayan layin tarho da take bayarwa. To amma da ya fara yaduwa sai aka samu kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da ke da kayayyakin fasahar hada kwamfutoci da Intanet ta hanyar Tauraron Dan Adam, watau Broadband. Wadannan kamfanonin su ne Internet Service Providers, kuma su ke hada masu mashakatar tsallake-tsallake (cyber café) da Intanet. Masu sha’awan shiga kuma su je su biya kudi don sayen lokaci (daga minti talatin zuwa awanni biyar), don lilo a giza-gizan sadarwa na duniya. Wadannan mashakatar tsallake-tsallake su suka ci gaba da yaduwa a manyan biranen Arewacin Nijeriya, musamman birnin Kano, Kaduna, da kuma Jas, kamar yadda yake bayyane a jadawalin da ke kasa. Daya daga cikin dalilan da suka haddasa haka kuwa shine yaduwan harkokin kasuwanci da yawan jama’a.

L.
Gari/Birni
Yawa
Ranar Bincike
1.
Kano
120
Disamba, 2004
2.
Kaduna
160
Fabrairu, 2006
3.
Jas
80
Fabrairu, 2006
4.
Bauchi
13
Fabrairu, 2006
5.
Katsina
7
Fabrairu, 2006
6.
Gombe
5
Maris, 2005
7.
Gusau
4
Janairu, 2005
8.
Lafiya (Jihar Nasarawa)
5
Maris, 2005
9.
Keffi (Jihar Nasarawa)
4
Janairu, 2005
10.
Birnin Kebbi
4
Fabrairu, 2005
11.
Hadeja
3
Janairu, 2005
12.
Bidda
2
Fabrairu, 2005
13.
Kazaure
1
Fabrairu, 2005
14.
Yola
5
Maris, 2005
Yawan mashakatar tsallake-tsallake dake wasu birane a Arewacin Nijeriya

A jadawalin da ke sama, na gabatar da gajeren bicike ne kan yaduwan mashakatar tsallake-tsallake a jihohin Arewa, cikin wasu lokuta da suka gabata. Kuma daga bayanan da na samu, a tabbace yake cewa bayan biranen Kano, Jas da Kaduna, akwai karancin mashakatar tsallake-tsallake a mafi yawancin garuruwan. Bayan haka, ‘yan wadanda ake dasu ma suna fuskantar matsaloli iri-iri; daga karanci ko rashin ingancin wutar lantarki, zuwa rashin ciniki. Matsala musamman irin na rashin ciniki ya faru ne sanadiyyar dalilai kamar haka:

Wasu daga cikin mutane, musamman wadanda karatun Hausa suka iya kadai, sun dauka Intanet wata fasaha ce da sai wanda ya kware a harshen turanci kadai zai iya amfani da ita. Basu da masaniyar cewa kashi sittin cikin dari na masu lilo da tsallake-tsallake a duniyar gizo basu iya rubutu ko karatu da harshen turancin Ingilishi ba; daga Faransanci, Jamusanci, Rashanci sai Sinanci. Wasu kuma sun iya turancin, amma suna ganin tunda basu taba mu’amala da kwamfuta ba, to basu ba Intanet kenan. Basu da masaniyar cewa Intanet wata fasaha ce da bata bukatar wata kwarewa ta musamman kafin a fara amfani da ita. Akwai kuma wadanda sha’awa ne basu dashi kan harkan Intanet din. Don haka ba abinda zai hada su dashi. Wadannan bangare basu da masaniyar cewa nan gaba, ko sun so ko sun ki, sai sun yi alaka da wannan Fasaha; alakar kai-tsaye ko waninsa. Kashi na karshe kuma sune wadanda ke da sha’awa da kuma wayewa kan fasahar Intanet, sai dai su matsalarsu ta tattalin arziki ce; ma’ana basu da kudin da a kullum zasu rinka shiga don neman bayanai da sauran mu’amala makamantan hakan. Mafi yawancin wadanda ke wannan dabaka su ne dalibai. Domin a mafi yawancin biranen da mashakatar tsallake-tsallake ke da karanci, zaka samu cewa kudin sayan lokaci kudi ne mai yawa, wanda kuma dole ce tasa hakan, su ma masu shagunan kokari suke su fita uwar kudi, ba ma maganan riba ake ba.

A takaice dai, a bayyane yake cewa yanzu ne Intanet ya fara yaduwa a kasar Hausa, kuma daga lokacin da wutan lantarki ya inganta, yanayin samun mutane ya habbaka, kuma aka kara wayar da kan jama’a ta kafofin ilmantarwa dangane da muhimmancin wannan fasaha, yawan masu amfani dashi zai haura sama, wanda hakan zai kara habbaka yaduwar mashakatar tsallake-tsallake a biranen Arewacin Nijeriya gaba daya.

Yaduwan Harshen Hausa Cikin Intanet:

Wani abin farin ciki da mai karatu zai so ji shine, bayanai cikin harshen Hausa sun fara hawa giza-gizan sadarwa na duniya ne shekaru kusan goma kafin fasahan Intanet ya diro kasar Hausa. Kuma a halin yanzu ana samun yaduwan gidajen yanan sadarwa na zallan harshen Hausa, duk da yake akwai wadanda na turanci ne, masu dauke da bayanai kan al’umman Hausawa da adabinsu. Ga wasu daga cikin rukunnan da ke da munasaba da hakan:

Al’adun Hausawa:

Akwai gidajen yanan sadarwa da aka gina su don yada adabi da al’adun Hausawa. Kusan a takaice ma irin wadannan gidajen yanan sadarwa su suka fara bayyana a sahun gidajen yanan da ke dauke da bayanai cikin harshen Hausa. Wasu daga cikin masu ire-iren wadannan gidajen yanan Hausawa ne ‘yan Najeriya da ke kasashen waje, sai kuma wadanda ke nan gida Najeriya. Kashi na uku kuma su ne Turawa, ko ‘yan wasu kasashe daban masu sha’awan bincike ko nazari kan harshe da al’adun Hausawa, irinsu: Dandali (www.dandali.com), mallakan Dr. Salisu Danyaro Soron Dinki, wanda ke Amurka, da kuma Gumel (www.gumel.com), da gidan yanan sadarwa da aka gina don yada tunani da rubuce-rubucen Marigayi Abubakar Imam (www.abubakarimam.com). Har wa yau akwai wasu gidajen yanan dake dauke da kasidu masu munasaba da Arewacin Nijeriya da rayuwar Bahaushe, irinsu: Gamji (www.gamji.com) wanda Dr. Ismaila Iroh ya kirkira. Sai kuma shafin yanan kungiyan ‘yan Arewa da ke kasashen waje (‘yan jarida ne mafi yawancinsu) mai suna Amana Foundation (www.amanaonline.com). Sai kuma Kanoonline (www.kanoonline.com) wacce su Farfesa Abdallah Uba Adamu suka assasa, don yada sanayya kan kasar Kano da gewayenta. Bayan wadannan akwai wasu kuma da ke dauke da adabin Hausawa, duk da yake da harshen Turanci aka rubuta su suma. Misali, wani Malami dan kasar Jafan ya kwafe Kamus din Hausa (wanda Likita Bergery ya rubuta shekarar 1952, mai kuma dauke da kalmomi sama da dubu arba’in) zuwa shafin yanan gizo, dake http://maguzawa.dyndns.ws. In kana bukatar ma’anan kalma, sai ka shigar da kalmar, ka tambayo, zaka samu bayanan da ke dauke da ma’anar kalmar.

Addini:

A karo na farko, an dora fassaran Al-kur’ani mai girma cikin harshen Hausa wanda marigayi Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi yayi, wanda kuma har wa yau Matattarar Buga Al-kur’ani mai girma ta Sarki Fahad da ke Kasar Saudiyyah ta dauki nauyin bugawa. Za a iya samun wannan Al-kur’ani cikakke a gidan yanan hukumar dake www.qurancomplex.com. Har wa yau, za a samu wannan bugu a shafin gidan yanan www.divineislam.com, ta amfani da masarrafan kwafan bakaken Hausa wanda wani bawan Allah mai suna Jamal Al-Nasser ya tsara. Bayan nan, akwai fassararren Littafin Linjila (Bible) shima a wannan rariyar: http://visionneuse.free.fr/index.htm?version=HUA.

Mujallu/Jaridu/Gidajen Rediyo dsr:

Akwai mujallu da jaridun Hausa dake da gidajen yanan sadarwa a duniyar gizo. Bayanan da ke dauke cikinsu duk da harshen Hausa aka zuba su. Akwai gidan yanan sadarwa ta jaridar Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo - http://www.newnigeriannews.com/gaskiya/index.htm - da ta Mujallar Fim, watau mujallar da ke fitowa wata-wata, dauke da labarun Fina-finan Hausa – www.mujallar-fim.com – da gidajen yanan sadarwa na Sashen Hausa na gidajen rediyon turai da Amurka, irinsu BBC - http://www.bbc.co.uk/hausa/ - da Jamus - http://www2.dw-world.de/hausa/ - da Muryar Amurka, watau VOA - http://www.voanews.com/hausa/ - da dai sauransu.

Gwamnatoci:

Bayan haka, akwai wasu daga cikin gwamnatocin da ke Arewacin Nijeriya da ke da gidajen yanan sadarwa, wadanda su ma ke dauke da bayanai kan al’adun Hausawa. Sai dai wasu daga cikin bayanan da turanci aka zuba su. Jihohin Zamfara da Kaduna da Sakkwato na daga cikin jihohin da ke da gidajen yanan sadarwa a duniyar gizo.

Majalisun Tattaunawa:

Akwai “Majalisun Intanet” inda ake tattaunawa kan al’adu da addini da harkokin rayuwa daban-daban, wadanda kuma kusan duk da Hausa ake tafiyar da su. Su wadannan majalisu Hausawa ne suka kirkirosu, hakan kuma ya faro ne tun shekaran 1999, lokacin da Farfesa Abdallah Uba Adamu dake tsangayar horar da Malamai a Jami’ar Bayero, Kano, ya bude “Majalisar Hausa”, don tattaunawa kan al’adu da rayuwar Hausawa. Kawo zuwa yanzu, an samu majalisu sama da talatin, wadanda kuma mambobinsu sun karade kusan dukkan jihohin Arewacin Nijeriya, da kuma sauran Hausawa da ke kasashen waje – Amurka, Ingila, Nijar, Ghana, Indiya, Sin, Austiraliya dsr.

Cikawa:

Wannan, a takaice, shine bayani kan alakar da ke tsakanin harshen Hausa da Fasahar Intanet. A hankali zamu rinka dauko wadannan gidajen yanan sadarwa na Hausa, don yin bayanai kan abubuwan da suke dauke dasu. Hakika akwai labarai masu kayatarwa da kuma ilmantarwa. A dakace ni!


Abdullahi Salihu Abubakar (Baban Sadiq)
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
Tower 421, Constitution Avenue,
Central Business District
Garki – Abuja.
080 34592444
absad143@yahoo.com, salihuabdu@yahoo.com
http://the-global-media.blogspot.com